The structural organization of
tissue attracts great scientific interest as processes of proliferation and
differentiation of cells and, therefore, the mechanisms regulating these
processes are closely connected with it. Disturbance of these processes can
lead to the development of a malignant tumour in the organism. From literature
it is known that all the cells of the epidermal basal layer and epithelial
tissue are grouped into the epidermal proliferative units (EPU).
The central
group of cells including a stem cell and peripheral cells are the part of such
unit. The behaviour of a stem cell is defined by a so called niche, i.e., a cellular environment of a stem cell. For the first time the idea of existence
of niches was put forward by Schofield. The author assumed that hemopoetic stem
cells are surrounded by the other cells and become the fixed stem cells. During
stem cell division only one remains as a mother cell and the another daughter
cell is exposed to a differentiation.
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